Informatics Publishing Limited

N. Senthil Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 School of Electrical Engineering, VIT University, Chennai - 632014, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Objectives: The effect of intermittent wind energy penetration into the power grid has increased considerably over the past decade. This intermittent nature of wind penetration causes electro mechanical oscillations which get transferred to the power network. This paper investigates small perturbation stability issue of a multi generator power system with one of the synchronous generator substituted with cage type wind generator. Methods/Statistical Analysis: A9 bus power network with synchronous generators is taken into consideration for carrying out the small disturbance (perturbation) analysis. A wind generator is substituted in place of a synchronous generator to verify the small perturbation stability. The oscillatory modes of the multi-generator power network are introspected. To have quick settling of oscillatory modes a converter based Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) and a passive Static Var Compensator (SVC) are used with necessary stabilizing controllers. The findings from the perturbation analysis would help us in locating the FACTS stabilizers at critical sites for damping the power swings caused due to wind generators.

Keywords

Cage Wind Generating Source, Damping Ratio, Oscillatory Modes, Small Perturbation, Static Synchronous Stabilizer.

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J. Augustin Jacob ¹, N. Senthil Kumar ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, IN
2 Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, IN

Abstract

This paper proposes new three dimensional discrete cosine transform (3D-DCT) based video compression algorithm that will select the optimal cube size based on the motion content of the video sequence. It is determined by finding normalized pixel difference (NPD) values, and by categorizing the cubes as "low" or "high" motion cube suitable cube size of dimension either [16×16×8] or[8×8×8] is chosen instead of fixed cube algorithm. To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm test sequence with different motion levels are chosen. By doing rate vs. distortion analysis the level of compression that can be achieved and the quality of reconstructed video sequence are determined and compared against fixed cube size algorithm. Peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) is taken to measure the video quality. Experimental result shows that varying the cube size with reference to the motion content of video frames gives better performance in terms of compression ratio and video quality.

Keywords

3D-DCT, PSNR, Video Compression.

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T. Venkatachalam ¹, V. Kishor Kumar ¹, P. Satheesh Kumar ¹, P. Kalaiselvi ¹, M. Chitra ¹, N. Senthil Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JKKMMRF College of Pharmacy, B. Komarapalayam, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

In this paper, in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of ethyl acetate extract of Evodia lunu-ankenda (Gaertn) Merr. bark was determined by four methods Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Nitric Oxide, Super oxide disumatase, Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and by agar disc diffusion methods. The crude ethyl acetate extract of Evodia lunuankenda bark inhibited the growth of both gram positive bacteria (Bacillus substilis, Staphylococcus aureus and micrococcus luters) and gram negative bacteria (Escharichia coil, Pseudomonas aeruglinosa and Salmonella typhlmurium) and also the crude ethyl acetate extract of Evodia lunuankenda bark inhibited the growth of fungi (candida albicans and Aspergillus niger). The ethyl acetate extract of Evodia lunuankenda bark showed dose dependent increase in reducing anti oxidant power that was comparable to standards. Antibacterial activity, highest concentration of ethyl acetate extract (5mg/ml) having good activity against gram positive and gram negative organisms as compared with the reference Ciprofloxacin. Antifungal activity, highest concentration of extract (5mg/ml) having good activity as compared with the reference Amphotericin-B. It can be concluded that the plant posses potent antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, responsible of the secondary metabolites like flavonoids, saponins, are likely observed for the plants.

Keywords

Antioxidant Activity, Antimicrobial Activity, Agar Disc Diffusion Method, Evodia lunu-Ankenda (Gaertn) Merr. Bark.

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T. Tamizharasan ¹, N. Senthil Kumar ²

Affiliations
1 T. R. P Engineering College, Tiruchirappalli, IN
2 Anna University of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, IN

Abstract

Modern manufacturing industries are concerned about producing quality components, with reduced production cost. To achieve this, the machining parameters and tools selected for machining a particular material should yield better results. During machining, flank wear occurring at the cutting insert is the predominant factor that causes poor surface finish, is responsible for the dimensional inaccuracy of the machined surface. In this work an attempt has been made to minimize flank wear of an uncoated carbide insert while machining AISI 1045 steel by finite element analysis. Three levels of machining and geometrical parameters, varied through 3 levels are chosen. An L₁₈ orthogonal array is selected based on Taguchi's design of experiment. Finite element analysis is carried out using DEFORM-2D, a simulation and analysis software and the output quality characteristics are analyzed using signal-to-noise ratio and analysis of variance (ANOVA). A validation simulation analysis is performed based on the optimum condition obtained.

Keywords

Machining Parameter, Tool Geometry, Flank Wear, FE Analysis, DEFORM-2D.

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P. Kalaiselvi ¹, R. Vijay Amirtharaj ¹, T. Venkatachalam ¹, N. Senthil Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 JKKMMRF College of Pharmacy, Komarapalayam-638183, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

A simple, precise, accurate and rapid HPTLC method has been developed, and validated for the determination of Pioglitazone HCl and Telmisartan simultaneously, in combined dosage form (15 mg and 20 mg). Pioglitazone HCl and Telmisartan was chromatographed on silica Gel 60F₂₅₄ TLC plate using Toluene:ethyl acetate: methanol (7:2:1 v/v) was used as the mobile phase. The R_f value of Pioglitazone HCl and Telmisartan was 0.56±0.04 and 0.23±0.02 and scanned at 254 nm using camag TLC scanner 3. The applicability of the method for simultaneous determinations of Pioglitazone HCl and Telmisartan was verified by the determination of these compounds in marketed tablets. Results of the analysis were validated statistically, and by recovery studies (99.47-101.36% and 99.40-102.37%). The recovery and RSD values were with in limits given in ICH guidelines, method developments indicates that the suitability of proposed for the routine determination of these compounds in tablets. The validation parameters; linearity the range 30-150 ng/spot and 40-200 ng/spot (r=0.9995 and r=0.9996) sensitivity. The limit of detection was found to be 15 ng/spot and 20 ng/spot. The limit of quantification was found to be 45 ng/spot and 60 ng/spot respectively. The accuracy ((99.88% and 99.33%) and reproducibility were found to satisfactory. The proposed method can be successfully used to determine the drug contents on marketed formulation.

Keywords

HPTLC, Pioglitazone HCl, Telmisartan, Methanol, Validation.

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N. Senthil Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 SNMV College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, IN

Abstract

Recent years have witnessed an increasing interest in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) for various applications such as environmental monitoring and military field surveillance. WSN have number of sensor nodes that communicate wirelessly and it deployed to gather data for various environments. The existing research has issue with security and energy efficient routing in WSN. To overcome these issues, in this research, the Cluster Head (CH) is selected using PSO algorithm based on the best objective function values. The CH node has capability of rapid packet delivery ratio and better lower energy consumption. The PSO algorithm is used to select the optimal node and increases effective routing procedure. The routing process is done by using AODV protocol in this research. This is used to provide efficient path discovery and provides fast packet transmission and response. The Secured based Malicious node Detection and Routing (SMDR) approach is proposed to improve secured data aggregation in WSN. Thus the proposed PSO-SMDR scheme provides superior performance rather than the existing approaches. The result concludes that the proposed PSO-SMDR approach has lower energy consumption, lower end to end delay, higher packet delivery ratio and higher network lifetime than the existing approaches.

Keywords

Energy Consumption, PSO, SMDR, AODV, WSN, Routing.

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N. Senthil Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Associate Professor, School of Electrical Engineering, VIT University, Chennai Campus, Chennai -600127

Abstract

This contribution discusses and compares different control techniques for damping undesirable electromechancial oscillations in power systems by means of power system stabilizer and Series / Shunt FACTS controllers. The linearized model of the power system is derived with FACTS controllers and the problem of small signal stability enhancement is formulated as an optimization problem to maximize the damping ratio of critical electro mechanical modes in the power system. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique is applied to tune the controller parameters of the PSS and FACTS controllers. The following FACTs controllers are taken for analysis (i) Static Var Compensator (SVC) (ii) Static Compensator (STATCOM) (iii) Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) (iv) Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) .

Keywords

Small Signal Stability, Power system oscillations, SVC, STATCOM, TCSC, UPFC, Particle Swarm Optimization

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Anirudh Singh ¹, Shikhar Dwivedi ¹, N. Senthil Kumar ²

Affiliations
1 Final year B.Tech (Electrical and Electronics Engg), School of Electrical Engineering, VIT Chennai, IN
2 Associate Professor School of Electrical Engineering, VIT Chennai, IN

Abstract

Wide area monitoring and control using Phasor Measurement Units (PMU’s) will continue to remain as one of the integral components of large power systems for different important applications in power systems which includes dynamic state estimation, power oscillation monitoring, Transient Stability Assessment etc. A wide area measuring system is composed of a PMU with High Speed Communication Channels and Phasor data concentrators. This paper explores the modeling and application of a typical phasor measurement unit to monitor voltage and current swings for different types faults and disturbances in the standard four generator two area power system.

Keywords

Phasors, phasor measurement unit, wide measurement and control, dynamic analysis.

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V. K. Arunshankar ¹, N. Senthil Kumar ²

Affiliations
1 PG Scholar, M.Tech (Power Electronics and Drives), VIT University, Chennai, IN
2 Associate Professor, School of Electrical Engineering, VIT University, Chennai, IN

Abstract

This paper presents and develops a LabVIEW based mathematical model for power quality analysis and enhancement. The different types of power quality problems such as voltage sag, voltage swell, power frequency distortions, and harmonic distortions can be identified and controlled suitably. Besides standard undisturbed three-phase voltage signal waveforms, six different categories of the PQ disturbances characteristic for real-time power distribution networks can be simulated on the basis of developed virtual instruments: voltage swells, sags, interruptions, high-order voltage harmonics, swells with harmonics and sags with harmonics. Each of simulated PQ disturbances can be predefined and easily changed according to user requirements, using various combinations of the control settings implemented on the virtual instrument front panel. All computations are carried out using LabVIEW 9.0.

Keywords

Electric power quality (PQ), Virtual instruments-LabVIEW, Harmonic distortions; Signal Processing, Active power filter (APF).

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N. Senthil Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Associate professor, School of Electrical Engineering, VIT University, Chennai Campus.chennai-600 127, IN

Abstract

In this paper, a fuzzy logic controller is proposed for a Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) installed in a single-machine infinite-bus power system. The Fuzzy Logic controller is mainly equipped to damp power system oscillations. Simple Fuzzy Logic controller using mamdani-type inference system is used. The Fuzzy Logic based UPFC controller is designed by selecting appropriate controller parameters based on the knowledge of the power system performance. The effectiveness of the new controller is demonstrated through time-domain simulation studies. By comparison, it can be seen that the proposed UPFC controller can provide good performance for different operating conditions of power system. The results of these studies show that the designed controller is robust enough to damp power system oscillations with change in system operating conditions.

Keywords

FACTS, UPFC, Fuzzy Logic, Power System Oscillations

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